Over 850 babies born with drug, alcohol addiction in Scotland: Report
The symptoms include uncontrollable trembling, hyperactivity, blotchy skin, and high-pitch crying.
Since 2017, among the total number of babies born in Scotland, more than 850 showed signs of drug addiction because of their mother abusing legal or illegal substances such as cocaine, heroin, codeine, marijuana, and alcohol during pregnancy.
These figures were revealed on Thursday by the Scottish Liberal Democrat Party.
The statistics were compiled through freedom of information requests made to Scotland´s health boards, and the party´s health spokesperson, Alex Cole-Hamilton, described them as “utterly heartbreaking”.
The opposition lawmaker blamed the problem on the ruling National Scottish Party for cutting funding to drug programs and urged the autonomous government to take radical action. He considered that this is meant “not just to help people struggling with drug misuse today but for future generations too.”
The largest number of babies born with the neonatal abstinence syndrome was recorded in Lothian with 434, followed by Greater Glasgow and Clyde with 143 and Grampian with 118.
The symptoms caused by drugs passing from the mother to her fetus’ bloodstream during pregnancy include uncontrollable trembling, hyperactivity, blotchy skin, and high-pitch crying.
It is worth noting that Scotland recorded 1,339 drug-related deaths in 2020, by far the highest drug death rate recorded by any country in Europe.
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MEDIA RELEASE
Annual Youth Drug Use Survey Funded by NIH Finds Youth Marijuana Use Stubbornly High
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Marijuana is the only substance to show increases among current past year users; Medical marijuana states also show worse outcomes, significantly for 12th graders
Today, the annual Monitoring the Future (MTF) Survey, a record of national youth drug and alcohol use and attitudes data, conducted by the University of Michigan and funded by the National Institutes of Health, found that due to the pandemic causing decreased social interactions, youth drug use rates have dropped among almost all substances–with marijuana standing out as an outlier. Among current users, marijuana is the only substance to report increases, in both student rates of marijuana vaping and smoking (Figure 1).
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Figure 1. Change in Drug Use Since Pandemic Among Past Year Users, All Grades
Not even the pandemic could stop marijuana use rates from rising among current users,\” said Dr. Kevin Sabet, president of Smart Approaches to Marijuana (SAM). \”This data is extremely concerning and should act as a wake-up call for policymakers and the public. Legalization is having the effect that the industry wants: more, younger users using more of its THC super-charged substance.\”
This year\’s MTF data showed that although from 2020 to 2021 there were fewer initiates of marijuana, that declining rate was significantly less drastic than the rate for other substances. Annually, youth use of any illicit drug other than marijuana decreased by nearly 40%, whereas marijuana/hashish use decreased by only 27%. For past 30-day use, youth use of any illicit drug other than marijuana decreased by 35%, whereas marijuana/hashish use decreased by less than 25%. Finally, for daily use, youth use of alcohol decreased by over 60%, whereas marijuana use decreased by 24%.
\”This data explodes the myth that fewer kids get their hands on marijuana once it is legalized, commercialized, and promoted,\” said Sabet.
Additionally, students in each grade living in states with medical marijuana laws reported different attitudes toward pot than those who live in states without medical marijuana. Across the board, they reported higher past-year use rates, greater availability, lower risk perception, and lower rates of disapproval. Those rates were significant among 12th graders (Figure 2).
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Smart Approaches to Marijuana (SAM) is a nonpartisan, non-profit alliance of physicians, policy makers, prevention workers, treatment and recovery professionals, scientists, and other concerned citizens opposed to marijuana legalization who want health and scientific evidence to guide marijuana policies. SAM has affiliates in more than 30 states.
For more information about marijuana use and its effects, visit www.learnaboutsam.org.
Media Contact: Jordan Davidson
T: (203) 295-5020 E: [email protected]
MARIJUANA TO FENTANYL PIPELINE CONTINUES …….UNTIL DEATH
On November 17, 2019, Michelle Leopold’s son Trevor died of an overdose after purchasing counterfeit pills laced with fentanyl. He was only 18. His drug use started a few years earlier, when he used marijuana as a freshman at Redwood High School in Marin County, CA. He graduated from Tamalpeis High School in 2019. (Trevor is shown with his mother Michelle at a residential treatment center in Utah, above photo)
The nation was shocked when television therapist Laura Berman’s son, Sammy Chapman, 16, died of a fentanyl overdose earlier this year. She and her husband knew he had been using marijuana and tried to stop him. All it took was a pill that he purchased on Snapchat.
The teens dying of overdoses in California are getting younger and younger –16, 15, 14, 13.
The number of overdose drug deaths this past year climbed past 100,000. Of these deaths, 75% were from synthetic opioids such as fentanyl. Initiation of marijuana use before age 18 is the predominant predictor of an opioid use disorder.
A revealing obituary in Illinois
An obituary of a young man from Illinois who died in October appeared in a local paper. Beloved to his family and friends, the tribute reads: “He was passionate about cannabis.”
The announcement said he was in recovery but died of heroin laced with fentanyl. Marijuana is often the “relapse drug” for those addicted to opioids, as well as the gateway. This webpage covers many explanations of how marijuana provides the gateway effect to other drugs.
Would he still be alive if his state had not joined the marijuana bandwagon last year? By legalizing pot, under the guise of social justice and tax money, Illinois may have sabotaged his recovery, as they did for this man. Pot use wires the brain for other pathways of drug and alcohol addiction.
People in the more experienced drug markets of California understand the marijuana to fentanyl pipeline, sometimes followed by death.
Tori Kropp’s son Xander also died of a fentanyl overdose: “18 months after he first smoked weed, he died of an accidental fentanyl overdose,” his mom said.
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The Northern California epidemic
We learned about Tori through The Pitch, a newspaper put out by the advanced journalism students of Archie Williams High School in San Anselmo, California. Henry Pratt’s article, “Every parent’s worst nightmare”: fentanyl epidemic overtakes teens” won a national journalism award.
In the article, Kropp explains that “marijuana is a “gateway drug” to other illicit substances and that it is more dangerous for the developing teenage brain. According to Kropp, marijuana sold today has much stronger concentrations of Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the main component of marijuana that gives users a high. “
Pratt also interviewed Michelle Leopold for the article. Leopold explains that the cannabis industry’s anger at her comes from her truthful comments about marijuana as a “gateway drug” to other addictive substances. The industry, unable to admit the dangers of their products, blames her as a parent for her son’s addiction.
Pratt’s outstanding student article further explains what fentanyl is, how it’s infiltrating the world of students. COVID, the lockdown and social media have made the situation worse. Pratt explains how Narcan may be able to stop a fentanyl overdose. However, it’s not a long-term solution to the addiction and overdose epidemic. Primary drug prevention will take us much further.
Marijuana to Fentanyl pipeline in other states
Officials from Connecticut Overdose Response and the Department of Public Health put out a warning about the dangers of marijuana laced with fentanyl. The press release of November 18 explained 39 overdose cases since July 2021, in which patients required naloxone but claimed to have only used marijuana. Testing proved that the marijuana had been laced with fentanyl.
Two days ago Michigan Poison Control put out a press release warning of 8 such cases in Michigan since June. Since fentanyl-laced marijuana shows up in states with legalized marijuana, it’s clear that state “regulation” doesn’t take away these dangers.
Today COVID, the overdose epidemic and the marijuana-to-fentanyl pipeline converge for a very challenging period of time!
Also see
- Cannabis and the Gateway Drug Theory: Correlation or Causation — Where does the Evidence Point?
-
Marijuana Killed My Son Johnny
Original Post ![\"\"](\"http://www.dontlegalizedrugs.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/POPLogo.jpeg\")
\’We\’re one cigarette away\’: Illegal marijuana farms pose wildfire risk in California\’s parched national forests
NBC News December 1, 2021
Law enforcement can’t keep up with drug traffickers who grow marijuana in national forests, poisoning wildlife, siphoning water and risking wildfires.
LAKE ELSINORE, Calif. – After a 2½-mile trek through thick brush, Mourad Gabriel stepped into a small clearing. A month earlier, this half-acre swath of the Cleveland National Forest, nearly invisible from the air, had been an illegal marijuana grow estimated to be worth more than $1.2 million. The U.S. Forest Service’s law enforcement officers had hacked down the plants, but Gabriel and his team were there to cart out nearly 3,000 pounds of trash and to clean up something else the drug traffickers left behind: poison.
Gabriel, a regional wildlife ecologist for the Forest Service, spooned swabs of pesticide into a military-grade testing device to identify chemicals used by illicit farmers, which kill the forest’s wildlife. Recalling a past bust, he said: “We had a dead bear, a turkey vulture that was dead consuming that bear, and then another turkey vulture that was dead consuming that turkey vulture and that bear.
“We call it ‘The circle of death.’”
But another looming danger to animals – and to the human residents of one of the most populous areas in America – is fire. Just over the mountains from this grow is the sprawl of greater Los Angeles and its 19 million people. Advocates estimate that California’s national forests, four of which ring the Los Angeles basin, are home to 80 percent to 85 percent of the country’s illegal marijuana grows on public land. Every time traffickers start a grow on California’s drought-stricken federal forests, they put millions of people at risk. They use scarce water and sometimes set bone-dry woodlands ablaze. At least 13 wildfires in the past dozen years have been linked to grows.
The Forest Service has long struggled to keep up – the agency has about one law enforcement officer for every 300,000 acres of forest – but since the coronavirus pandemic started, it has gotten even harder.
In the past two years alone, grow operations in California have rerouted millions of gallons of water, caused a 125,000-acre wildfire in Big Sur and helped add at least one species to the endangered list.
“This is an abuse of the natural resources and the land that we as an agency are stewarding for the public,” Gabriel said.
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Deadly risks
The marijuana cultivation season coincides with the peak of wildfire season, diverting officers who would be targeting the grows into investigating the blazes, supporting firefighters and evacuating civilians.
But sometimes those missions overlap. Last year’s 125,000-acre Dolan Fire was started by a marijuana grower in the Los Padres National Forest.
“It burned through an iconic international landscape – Big Sur. It killed 11 endangered condors,” said Rich McIntyre, the director of the Cannabis Removal on Public Lands Project, or the CROP Project, a coalition advocating for more resources to reclaim grow sites and catch growers. “It overran firefighters. I mean, it’s just a nightmare.”
Because marijuana cultivators live at their grow sites for months at a time, they introduce hazards like cigarettes, open-flame stoves and wood fires to highly combustible forestland. The CROP Project has identified at least 13 wildfires across California in the past 12 years caused by people associated with grow sites. NBC News was able to independently document half a dozen of them. From a 12,000-acre fire in 2014 caused by sparks from the tailpipe of a vehicle driving to a grow site to a much larger conflagration in 2009, fires associated with illegal grows have burned at least 275,000 acres across California.
The Forest Service estimates that the true toll is far higher, as the origins of wildfires can be difficult to investigate and confirm.
Many of the pesticides that drug traffickers use, meanwhile, are so poisonous that they have been outlawed in the U.S. for decades.
“These are some of the most toxic chemicals you could ever use on crops,” said Greta Wengert, the executive director of the Integral Ecology Research Center, or IERC, a nonprofit organization that studies the impact of grow sites on the environment and assists the Forest Service in its cleanup efforts.
Some of the biggest threats are the pesticides and rodenticides that growers spread to poison animals that threaten their plants or campsites.
The chemicals are so toxic, Wengert said, and used in such high concentrations that a number of officers and cleanup workers have been hospitalized for exposure.
“You take a little bit of carbofuran here: couple drops, mix it with some tuna fish, put it on the edge of your grow, an animal comes in, eats it and dies within two minutes,” Wengert said. “There’s your poison bomb, right there.”
That’s especially problematic because IERC’s research has shown how the deadly, illegal chemicals work their way up the food chain as animals feed on one another. “It’s passed on again and again,” Wengert said.
The Cleveland National Forest site is home to both the endangered Arroyo toad and the endangered California condor. But Wengert is also concerned about how the chemicals might be ingested by people – whether in the marijuana they consume or from runoff into water supplies. Through snowmelt and other sources, national forests provide 50 percent of the state’s water. The Cleveland Forest site sits in a watershed that runs directly into the water supply of San Juan Capistrano, a city of 36,000.
Wengert’s group is studying downstream exposure, and in several cases, has confirmed the presence of toxic chemicals in waterways immediately downstream of grow sites.
“The next significant precipitation event is just going to slough all this off into the San Juan Creek,” said Gabriel, the wildlife ecologist, running the grow site’s loose soil through his fingers. “That creek right below us is going to not just contaminate critical habitat for the Arroyo Toad, but it’s going to go downstream to San Juan Capistrano.”
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Net gain
Typically run by drug-trafficking organizations, an average grow site may have 2,000 plants and yield hundreds to thousands of pounds of marijuana worth millions. New strains have allowed traffickers to get more product per plant, making grows even more profitable, according to law enforcement.
And losing a few sites a year to busts by the Forest Service is just the cost of doing business, said Special Agent in Charge Don Hoang, who heads Forest Service law enforcement for the region. \”It’s a rule of probability. If they grow as many [sites] as they can, they know that we’re going to find a few of them. And then there’s stuff that we don’t find, and that’s where they make their profit.”
Setting up a grow site isn’t cheap. It takes time, planning and money to bring in the infrastructure and labor – from miles of irrigation pipe to thousands of pounds of fertilizers and armed workers who live at the grow site all season long.
“One drug traffic organization can invest, let’s say, a quarter-million, a half-million dollars into one grow. And then pull out a 200 percent to 300 percent net gain from that,” Gabriel said. “I don’t think anybody’s investment portfolio could ever do that.”
While some grow sites may be hiding just a mile or so off a main highway, others can take officers days to reach. Growers are typically armed, Hoang said, and they often have a tactical advantage when law enforcement comes in to try to break up their operation.
The Forest Service’s law enforcement division has arrested more than 2,170 people for cultivating marijuana on national forest land in California since 2000. The Forest Service and partner agencies bust more than 200 such sites on public lands annually, but cleanups, like the one in Cleveland National Forest, are expensive.
The team at the Cleveland National Forest site pulled out nearly a ton and a half of trash on one day in October, more than a mile of irrigation piping, 1,110 pounds of fertilizer and bottle after bottle of banned pesticide, removing much of the bulkier material from the forest by helicopter. It is one of more than 40 sites cleaned up on national forest land in California alone this year, at an average cost of $40,000 per site – before hazardous material disposal. But that’s just a drop in the bucket, Gabriel said.
There are hundreds of sites a year spread across California’s 20 million acres of national forest alone – the Forest Service simply doesn’t have enough resources to tackle every one. There is no dedicated funding for the operations; the agency’s overall law enforcement budget has stayed about the same size for most of the last decade.
“In reality, we need 20.2 to 23.2 million [dollars] for five to eight years to fully address the topic in California alone,” Gabriel said. “Essentially, we put in only 10 to 12 percent of what is truly needed annually.”
The technology to detect sites has improved over time, but the agency estimates that in a given year it detects about half of the sites on its land. And of the sites the agency detects, about a quarter are able to keep operating unhindered because the agency doesn’t have the resources to bust them before the traffickers harvest. The agency identifies dozens of grow sites annually that it is unable to get to before harvest.
Overall, arrests for the grow sites have been on the decline since 2008, and the number of grow sites and plants eradicated in California’s national forests has dropped steeply in the past five years.
With the proper resources, Gabriel said, the agency could eliminate marijuana grows within the next eight years. “We have the will to do this, and we’re ready to do this,” he said. “We leave them dirt, they don’t come back.”
According to the Forest Service, once a grow site has been cleaned up and restored to its natural state, growers tend not to come back. That’s why increasing funding for the cleanup efforts is so important, said McIntyre of the CROP Project.
“They need a lot more juice. They need a lot more people. And they need funding to actually see this through,” said McIntyre, whose coalition includes lawmakers of both parties, scientists, law enforcement officials, environmentalists and legal marijuana organizations. “Without substantial funding, it’s whack-a-mole.”
Some of the additional funding may soon be on its way. The infrastructure bill President Joe Biden signed last month included a substantial increase in Forest Service funding to fight and prevent wildfires. The House also increased money for the agency in its annual spending bill, with the Appropriations Committee specifically expressing support in its accompanying report for agency efforts to detect and remove the sites, but the Senate has yet to do the same. Bipartisan members of California’s House delegation have also proposed a bill that would increase criminal penalties for stealing water from federal lands.
The alternative is dire, McIntyre said. “We are one campfire, one dropped cigarette, one getaway fire in a trespass grow away from a landscape fire that could burn a million acres. And when that happens, we lose that public resource for an entire generation.”
For complete story https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/fire-guns-poison-illegal-marijuana-farms-pose-deadly-risks-californias-rcna7153
San Francisco Homeless Insider Tells All
Why progressives defend and finance open drug scenes
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In my new book, San Fransicko, I describe why progressives create and defend what European researchers call “open drug scenes,” which are places in cities where drug dealers and buyers meet, and many addicts live in tents. Progressives call these scenes “homeless encampments,” and not only defend them but have encouraged their growth, which is why the homeless population in California grew 31 percent since 2000. This was mostly a West Coast phenomenon until recently. But now, the newly elected progressive mayor of Boston, Michelle Wu, has decided to keep open a drug scene at Mass and Cass avenues, even though it has resulted in several deaths from drug overdoses and homicides.
Progressives defend their approach as compassionate. Not everybody who is homeless is an addict, they say. Many are just down on their luck. Others turn to drugs after living on the street. What they need is our help. We should not ask people living in homeless encampments to go somewhere else. Homeless shelters are often more dangerous than living on the street. We should provide the people living in tents with money, food, clean needles, and whatever else they need to stay alive and comfortable. And we should provide everyone with their own apartment unit if that’s what they want.
But this “harm reduction” approach is obviously failing. Cities already do a good job taking care of temporarily homeless people not addicted to drugs. Drug dealers stab and sometimes murder addicts who don’t pay. Women forced into prostitution to support their addictions are raped. Addicts are dying from overdose and poisoning. The addicts living in the open drug scenes commit many crimes including open drug use, sleeping on sidewalks, and defecating in public. Many steal to maintain their habits. The hands-off approach has meant that addicts do not spend any amount of time in jail or hospital where they can be off of drugs, and seek recovery.
Now, even a growing number of people who have worked or still work within the homeless services sector are speaking out. A longtime San Francisco homeless service provider who read San Fransicko, and said they mostly agreed with it, reached out to me to share their views. At first this person said they wanted to speak on the record. But as the interview went on, and the person criticized their colleagues, they asked to remain anonymous, fearing retribution.
Why “Housing First” Failed
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The main progressive approach for addressing homelessness, not just in San Francisco but in progressive cities around the nation, is “Housing First,” which is the notion that taxpayers should give, no questions asked, apartment units to anyone who says they are homeless, and asks for one. What actually works to reduce the addiction that forces many people onto the streets is making housing contingent on abstinence. But Housing First advocates oppose “contingency management,” as it’s called, because, they say, “Housing is a right,” and it should not be conditioned upon behavior change.
But such a policy is absurdly unrealistic, said the San Francisco homeless expert. “To pretend that this city could build enough permanent supportive housing for every homeless person who needs it is ludicrous,” the person said. “I wish it weren’t. I wish I lived in a land where there was plenty of housing. But now people are dying on our streets and it feels like we’re not doing very much about it.”
The underlying problem with Housing First is that it enables addiction. “The National Academies of Sciences review [which showed that giving people apartments did not improve health or other life outcomes] you cited shows that. San Francisco has more permanent supportive housing units per capita than any other city, and we doubled spending on homelessness, but the homeless population rose 13%, even as it went down in the US. And so we doubled our spending and the problem got worse. But if you say that, you get attacked.”
How did progressives, who claim to be evidence-based, ever get so committed to Housing First? “Malcolm Gladwell’s [2006 New Yorker article] “Million Dollar Murray,” really helped popularize this idea,” the person said. “But it was based on an anecdote of one person. It works for who it works for but is not scalable. [Governor] Gavin [Newsom] made a mistake [as San Francisco’s Mayor 2004-2011] which was that we stopped investing in shelter. But that’s because all the best minds were saying, ‘This is what’s going to work.’”
One of the claims made defenders of the open drug scenes is that people who live in them are mostly locals who were priced out of their homes and apartments and decided to pitch a tent on the street. In San Fransicko, I cite a significant body of evidence to show that this is false, and that many people come to San Francisco from around the U.S. for the city’s unusually high cash welfare benefits, free housing, and tolerance of open drug scenes.
The insider agreed. “People come here because they think they can. It’s bullshit that ‘Only 30 percent [of homeless] are from out of town.’ At least 20,000 homeless people come through town every year. Talk to the people on the street. There’s no way 70 percent of the homeless are from here. I would guess it’s fewer than 50 percent. Ask them the name of their high school and they guess, ‘Washington? The one around the corner?’ But you can’t even talk about that without being called a fascist.”
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The people living on the street suffer from serious addiction, this person said. “During the first point in time count [census of homeless population] in 2007, one-third had a disability, mental illness, or addiction, while last time, it was over two-thirds. The population fundamentally changed, whether from the drugs, or the time on the street. It doesn’t matter because a lot of the problems on the street are drugs-related. Neither San Francisco nor any other municipality can solve the housing policy without changing federal policy.”
Life in the open drug scenes is brutal, this person confirmed. “Most homeless encampments are not communities but have paper-thin relationships based on their disease. It’s hard to have healthy relationships when you’re just trying to keep your head above water because you’re so dope dependent.”
What San Francisco and other progressive cities are doing isn’t working. “People in those encampments have food brought to them, port-a-potties brought to them, and all they need to do is put drugs in their arm all day. They get really really sick and they die. Portugal didn’t make it so you can do whatever you want. The consequences of your action are treatment driven, but there are consequences. Here there are no consequences. And so we make it worse.”
For complete article go to Michael Shellenberger – Why \’Progressives\’ Defend and Finance Open Drug Scenes
See also (The Fight for Seattle)
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To Caring Community Member,
Earlier this month, we learned of the biggest development in the story about Big Marijuana in years: the uncovering of The Weed Papers. This bombshell story exposed a secret industry presentation detailing how organizations like the United States Cannabis Council and Marijuana Policy Project plan to create a marijuana monopoly.
The industry’s plan is clear: create a multi-billion dollar corporate marijuana empire. The source for the exposé, an insider with Marijuana Policy Project, put it best by saying, “They [the industry] don’t want to compete.”
The presentation explicitly lists the tobacco and alcohol industries as models for legal pot. As we predicted, this predatory industry really is the new Big Tobacco
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Every day, SAM works to combat these corporate forces trying to install a regime of drug commercialization; and we have won many recent battles. On Election Day, numerous localities across five states rejected retail marijuana sales. Several pro-marijuana incumbent candidates in Virginia and New Jersey also lost.
Friend, the simple fact is this: Big Tobacco and Big Alcohol are working with pot companies around the clock to build Big Marijuana, the next addiction-for-profit oligopoly.
The marijuana industry is already made of addiction profiteers that disproportionately target and harm vulnerable communities. The last thing we need is a more expansive pot industry. The Weed Papers show us where we will go if the industry gets what it wants.
We know that some 70% of profit for the alcohol industry is derived from fewer than 20% of users. And we are seeing similar trends already from the marijuana industry. The legalization and normalization of drug use will not help the issues our country is facing. As it stands, we are already in the midst of a five-alarm fire in terms of drug use.
2020 was the worst year on record for drug overdose deaths. A corporatized marijuana industry will only exacerbate our problems. We can’t afford to lose this fight, our families’ lives literally depend on it.
Dr. Kevin Sabet,
President & Co-Founder – Smart Approaches to Marijuana (SAM)
Click here to chip-in to our fight against Big Marijuana.
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DOES MARIJUANA CAUSE MENTAL ILLNESS?
| The THC in cannabis can destroy critical neuronal pathways in the developing brain, which can result in permanent brain changes. The worst case scenario is psychosis that becomes permanent and is then considered schizophrenia, a life-long, debilitating disease. No one can predict in advance who will be susceptible, as some can experience symptoms after a few times of use.
The mental health harms of cannabis are well known to scientific researchers. Professionals say the evidence found in peer-reviewed studies is undeniable: THC in cannabis, even in low concentrations, can cause psychosis. And out of the drugs that can cause a temporary episode of psychosis, marijuana/cannabis has the highest conversion rate to chronic psychotic disorders like bipolar and schizophrenia. |
Symptoms of psychosis are: paranoia, feelings of doom, irrational thoughts or behaviors, delusions, confusion, hearing voices or seeing people who are not there, and inability to communicate coherently.
Cannabis Induced Psychosis (CIP) is listed in the DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, a manual used by medical professionals for assessment and diagnosis.
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The MomsStrong.org campaign is inspired by the unfortunate deaths of three young men. Founder, Lori Robinson, along with Sally Schindel and Ann Clark want the world to know their sons’ suicides are directly related to the mental health harms…caused by their sons’ marijuana use. The MomsStrong.org website is devoted to educating the world about the scientific research into cannabis-induced psychosis and features dozens of personal stories of mental health risks and harms of marijuana. You can read Shane’s, Brant’s and Andy’s stories on the Our Stories page.
MomsStrong warns:
Regular use of cannabis can increase the risk of psychosis and schizophrenia.
Young people are at greatest risk.
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| Dr. Christine Miller is the Science Advisor to MomsStrong.org. Miller is a Molecular Neuroscientist with a PhD. Pharmacology. She researched the causes and nature of psychosis for thirty years of her career.
Dr. Miller says, “The causal link between marijuana use and the development of psychosis is quite simply the most well-replicated, high-impact finding in schizophrenia research today. Given current use rates and the strong potency of the drug available, it stands to be responsible for a larger proportion of schizophrenia cases than any other established factor. Who may be at risk cannot be reliably predicted. The time is long overdue for the surgeon general and American neuroscientists and psychiatrists, along with their universities and professional societies, to inform the public and for journalists to pay heed.” |
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Lori Robinson tells her son’s story.
Dr. Christine Miller on cannabis & psychosis.
What the Science Tells Us
| There are hundreds of peer-reviewed, scientific articles that prove the causal links between marijuana use and psychotic outcomes such as schizophrenia. |
| Marijuana use generally comes before the psychosis, not vice-versa, so self- medication is not likely the cause. Continued cannabis use and risk of incidence and persistence of psychotic symptoms.
The consensus is that use of marijuana with a THC content over 10% increases the risk of a psychotic disorder by 4-fold: Meta-analysis of the Association Between the Level of Cannabis Use and Risk of Psychosis. Frequent use of more potent products results in more cases of schizophrenia. Proportion of patients in south London with first-episode psychosis attributable to use of high potency cannabis. Cannabis intoxication becomes Cannabis-Induced Psychotic Disorder once certain severity and duration criteria are met and CIP is heavily associated with future schizophrenia diagnoses: Cannabis and Psychosis Through the Lens of DSM-5. A person suffering from marijuana-induced psychosis is over 18-times more likely to lash out violently. But individuals with psychosis from non-drug causes and who are medicated with antipsychotics but not using marijuana or other recreational drugs, do not pose a great risk for violence. The causal relationship of psychosis with marijuana is outlined in a paper on the International Academy on the Science and Impact of Cannabis website: Applying the Bradford Hill Elements of Causation to Cannabis Causing Psychosis. |
For more, see Summary of Literature on Marijuana and Psychosis on MomsStrong.org
Psychosis Testimonials
| One Man’s Psychosis Story |
| During a psychotic break, Gabriel attempted a dangerous feat he never would have otherwise. He ended up losing his hand and much more. |
The Struggle to Overcome Psychosis
Adam is experiencing Cannabis Induced Psychosis, hear him describe active psychosis and his testimony of hope for healing.
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Support Groups
Marijuana Anonymous is a fellowship of people who share our experience, strength, and hope with each other that we may solve our common problem and help others to recover from marijuana addiction.
National Alliance on Mental Illness
Mar-Anon — Mar-Anon is a 12-Step program designed specifically for those who are affected by another’s marijuana use.
Every Brain Matters Community Use this link to see the current list of meetings.
Take Action- 3 Things You Can Do
| Mounting reliable evidence is proving that cannabis is very destructive to brain health. Yet, the marijuana industry continues to peddle misinformation on a wide-scale level. It is important that parents and drug prevention activists share this science-based knowledge and protect our society from avoidable mental illness. |
| 1. Write your elected representatives and share your concern about the cannabis-psychosis link.
2. Share Your Story with MomsStrong.org. 3. Share this important Think Ya Know article with 10 friends. |
Taken from Parents Opposed to Pot
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Why is the United States passively allowing the manufacture, sale, and use of Delta 8-THC, Delta 10-THC, and THC-O, all of which are harmful chemicals that may be even more damaging than nicotine/tobacco? Why is this happening in a supposedly science-based society? Could this be occurring because of loopholes in the 2018 Agriculture Bill?
Currently, hemp-derived CBD is being synthesized and converted into these chemicals, which are then made into different products for retail sale.¹ ² ³ We can see many of these products being advertised for sale online, in vape & smoke shops, gas stations, and convenience stores in almost every state. These items are even being marketed to children through the use of very inviting packaging and products, such as the all popular gummy bears. Luckily, some state authorities have decided to stop the sale of these products because health officials have identified that there is a potential for serious harm when using these chemicals.
The FDA even recently issued a warning about one of these synthetically produced chemicals, namely Delta 8-THC: https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/5-things-know-about-delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol-delta-8-thc.
Currently, because CBD is very economical to procure, it is being used as a feedstock to synthesize these mind-altering substances using dangerous chemicals.
CBD turned into dangerous THC analogs
- Delta 8-THC¹ — This chemical is being synthesized using CBD, an acid, and an organic solvent, such as toluene, which is usually used in the manufacture of paint products. This chemical exists naturally in cannabis plants but at very low levels; therefore, it must be synthesized for mass production.
- Delta 10-THC² — This chemical was discovered by a random accident and resulted from the extraction and distillation of THC from marijuana plants that were exposed to a fire retardant used to combat a nearby forest fire. It too can be synthesized from CBD. This chemical does not occur naturally.
- THC-O³ — This chemical is also being synthesized using not only CBD, an acid, and an organic solvent but by also using a very toxic chemical needed to complete the process. If synthesized from its nearest analog molecule, specifically Delta 9-THC, it can be made by using only the last step, specifically through the use of a very toxic chemical. It is three times more potent when compared to Delta 9-THC. This chemical also does not occur naturally.
The Basic Chemistry
CBD is considered a hydrocarbon molecule comprised of twenty-one carbon atoms, thirty hydrogen atoms, and two oxygen atoms. It can therefore be denoted as Câ‚‚â‚H₃₀Oâ‚‚. There are other molecules that have the exact same number of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms, and they are known as isomers.â´
Both the Delta 8-THC and Delta 10-THC variants are isomers of CBD. Also, the naturally occurring and psychoactive Delta 9-THC in cannabis plants (hemp and marijuana) is an isomer of CBD. All of these variants thus have the same molecular formula, namely Câ‚‚â‚H₃₀Oâ‚‚. However, they are different structurally.âµ
A simple comparison to consider would be through the use of a chemical Lego® block model.ⶠFor an example, a carbon atom could be represented by a red block, a hydrogen atom could be represented by a white block, and an oxygen atom could be represented by a blue block. For the CBD molecule, one could symbolically represent it by connecting twenty-one red blocks (Câ‚‚â‚), thirty white blocks (H₃₀), and two blue blocks (Oâ‚‚) all together in a manner to represent its structural arrangement. Using the exact same number of blocks, differently shaped models could be made to represent Delta 8-THC, Delta 9-THC, and Delta 10-THC.
Chemistry allows for the alteration of CBD
In the example above, the CBD building block model would be altered structurally by one’s hands. In the world of chemistry, structural alterations to CBD can be facilitated through the use of different levels of temperature, various catalysts (in the form of an acid), and various organic solvents (such as toluene) into other molecules such as Delta-8, Delta-9, and Delta-10 THC.¹ ² There are also by-products formed after the structural transformation along with some residual acid and organic solvent.
In the FDA-regulated pharmaceutical world, the by-products and solvents are removed, and the acid is neutralized. However, few, if any, safeguards exist in the cannabis world because there is no regulatory oversight by the FDA.â·
Keep in mind that the manner in which a molecule interacts and affects the human body and mind is dependent upon its atomic makeup, specifically the number and type of atoms present, and its structural arrangement.⸠In the case of CBD and its isomers, the way that they can affect the body and mind can be traced back to how they interact with the receptors where they connect. A CBD molecule is molecularly the same but structurally different from the other variants of the THC molecule, hence they can each affect the body and mind in similar and/or completely different ways.
Delta 8-THC — Part 1
Delta 8-THC was first synthesized in 1967 by Israeli chemist Raphael Mechoulam.âµ It exists naturally in cannabis plants, but only in very small (normally ~0.1%)¹ or in trace amounts.âµ There was therefore a need to synthesize the molecule so that it could be studied in depth because of its rarity in cannabis plants.
The passage of the Hemp Bill and subsequent rush to cash in on this crop via the production of CBD has resulted in a glut of this chemical in the marketplace.¹â° However, it has been known for decades that CBD can be synthesized into other molecules, and one of those molecules is Delta 8-THCâµ, which can have reportedly similar but milder mind-altering effects as Delta 9-THC.¹¹
Multiple concerns arise when synthesizing Delta 8-THC from CBD. What is especially concerning is that it may not be processed in a manner that guarantees the safety of the consumer. Since a strong acid and an organic solvent such as toluene, which is normally used in paint products, can be used, the resulting product needs to be “washed” in a base, in order to neutralize any residual acid and any remaining organic solvent needs to be removed. There are also other by-products that may need to be removed, some of which are unknown. The reaction by-products can also include traces of Delta 9-THC. Given that there are few, if any, testing protocols and almost no regulatory oversight for this product, it is basically the “Wild West” for the consumer.â· â¹ ¹²
Delta -8 compared to Delta -9 THC
Delta-8 THC is reportedly weaker in its effects when compared to Delta-9 THC, which has many unwanted side effects including cyclic nausea and vomiting, anxiety, and paranoia.¹³ ¹â´ Delta 9-THC can also trigger mental illnesses such as psychosis and schizophrenia, especially in teens.¹âµ Could these same side-effects, even if slightly milder, also apply to Delta-8 THC? Only time will tell, but anecdotally, the answer appears to be “yes”.
There is currently no scientific research about the long-term effects of Delta 8-THC use. Therefore, anyone who uses this product becomes an unwitting participant in a science experiment, an experiment that could result in addiction, mental illnesses, and/or bodily harms.
Editor’s Note: This is the first of three papers by Jesse LeBlanc, a mechanical engineer with experience in the chemical industry and a member of our Board of Directors. The article first appeared on the Every Brain Matters website.
References:
1: https://cen.acs.org/biological-chemistry/natural-products/Delta-8-THC-craze-concerns/99/i31
2: https://extractionmagazine.com/2020/03/21/the-bizarre-crystallization-of-%CE%B410-thc/
3: https://www.hempgrower.com/article/thc-o-acetate-q-and-a-dr-ethan-russo-credo-science/
4: https://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch12/isomers.php
5: https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/IsomersTHC.pdf
6: https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/cti-2020-0017/html
8: https://www.bayer.com/sites/default/files/110713-bayerpharma-brosch-en-web.pdf
11: https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/addiction/what-is-delta-8
12: https://emergency.cdc.gov/han/2021/han00451.asp
14: https://www.healthline.com/health/marijuana-paranoia 15: https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/teens-who-smoke-pot-at-risk-for-later-schizophrenia-psychosis-201103071676
(Taken from Parent Opposed to Pot)
GOING GREEN: THE PHYSICAL, MENTAL, AND EMOTIONAL PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH MARIJUANA
By Ben Johnson, an article which appeared on the Daily Wire as Going Green: The Physical, Mental and Emotional Problems Associated with Marijuana
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In an era when the Left obsessively fights against “misinformation,” at least one subject has evaded their concern: Although scientific studies indicate that marijuana is associated with profound mental illnesses, emotional problems, and physical diseases, a shocking number of Americans believe that weed is harmless or helpful – possibly even a natural cure for cancer.
The media frequently parrot the talking points of billionaires George Soros, Peter Lewis, and John Sperling, who spent an estimated $71.3 million between 1996 and 2016 to promote drug legalization, in the process creating the image of marijuana as a benign natural remedy. Websites like Vox.com promote that narrative, telling readers, “Overall, marijuana is a relatively safe drug. … marijuana’s harms appear to be relatively small.” Media malpractice has led to a new pandemic of Americans ingesting increasingly high-potency marijuana, unaware of the consequences.
Billionaires changed the public perception
After a precipitous fall during the “Just Say No” era of the 1980s, marijuana use has been rising, especially among America’s young people. In 1992, the number of children between the ages of 12 to 17 who had used marijuana in the last month stood at 4%. In 2019, that rate more than doubled, to 9%, according to the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, a large part of that has been the push for drug legalization/decriminalization begun that year by George Soros. After Colorado legalized recreational marijuana in 2014, the number of total users increased by nearly two-thirds.
Positive public relations help the marijuana industry
Marijuana’s positive PR has proven particularly successful among the most desperate and vulnerable Americans. Almost one in four breast cancer victims smokes marijuana, and “49% of cannabis users believed that medical cannabis could be used to treat cancer itself,” according to a new study published by the American Cancer Society. A separate study found that 80% of “high-impact articles” on social media “were false news that proposed cannabis as cancer cure.”
Psychological illnesses emerge as a result of marijuana use
That should be concerning for a panoply of reasons, since numerous studies show that marijuana use can harm people in (at least) the following ways:
Psychosis and schizophrenia: Several studies have found that smoking marijuana may trigger mental illnesses, including psychoses like schizophrenia, especially in people already predisposed to develop them. “[C]annibis use, primarily THC in cannabis, in genetically predisposed or at-risk populations, leads to earlier diagnosis of psychosis/schizophrenia,” found a systematic review of existing research conducted by Shweta Patel and colleagues, and published at the peer-reviewed Cureus Journal of Medical Science. “THC in cannabis also makes schizophrenia and psychosis symptoms worse and causes more relapses and hospitalizations.”
Theirs was one of numerous studies linking mental illness to marijuana consumption. “Ten studies [have] found a significant risk of young cannabis users developing psychosis,” reported the Scientific American in 2017. “Cannabis use during puberty is a major risk factor for schizophrenia,” said Hannelore Ehrenreich of the Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine at the 2017 World Psychiatric Association’s World Congress. Robin Murray, a professor of psychiatry at King’s College in London, found that nearly one out of every four cases of schizophrenia he researched involved the use of high-potency marijuana. There is a “strong association of cannabis use with the onset of psychiatric disorders,” the American Psychiatric Association summarized in 2019.
Pot use increases anxiety and paranoia
Anxiety and other psychological issues: Ironically, although many people use marijuana to reduce anxiety, it may make the problem worse. A 2017 study found, in the words of Psychology Today, that smoking marijuana “increased feelings of paranoia, anxiety, visual illusions, strangeness, inattention and slowed time, as well as poor performance on tasks related to memory and response inhibition.” The culprit is THC, which “appears to decrease anxiety at lower doses and increase anxiety at higher doses,” according to the University of Washington’s Alcohol and Drug Abuse Institute. The potential for harm has increased, as the mean THC concentration of marijuana nearly doubled between 2008 and 2017.
Socio-economic problems multiply with pot
Shorter life expectancy: Men who used marijuana heavily in their teen years are 40% more likely to die by the time they reach the age of 60, according to a massive study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry. “Swedish researchers analyzed the records of more than 45,000 men beginning in 1969 and 1970,” reported CBS News. “The scientists from the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm reported that 4,000 died during the 42-year follow-up period, and men who’d used marijuana heavily at ages 18 and 19 were 40 percent more likely to die by age 60 compared to guys who hadn’t used the drug.” Their findings upended previous studies that found no such linkage.
Becoming poorer, with more relationship problems: Regular marijuana users end up in “a lower social class than their parents, with lower-paying, less skilled, and less prestigious jobs. They also experience more financial problems, more problems at work, and more relationship difficulties,” according to a study that followed 1,000 regular marijuana users from age 18 to 38. Individuals who reported “regular cannabis use and persistent dependence experienced downward socioeconomic mobility, more financial difficulties, workplace problems, and relationship conflict in early midlife,” according to Magdalena Cerdá of the University of California-Davis, Health System, and Avshalom Caspi and Terrie Moffitt at Duke University, whose study appeared in Clinical Psychological Science, the peer-reviewed journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
Pot triggers loss of memory and brain aging
Memory problems, and brain aging: Regular marijuana users had a harder time remembering new information, according to a team of researchers who studied nearly 3,400 American marijuana users over a 25-year period. Marijuana usage can reduce decision-making ability, memory, and psychical control in the short term, and some negative effects may persist for life.
Harvard Medical School explained that “there’s no question that marijuana … can produce short-term problems with thinking, working memory, executive function, and psychomotor function (physical actions that require conscious thought, such as driving a car or playing a musical instrument). This is because marijuana’s main psychoactive chemical, THC, causes its effect by attaching to receptors in brain regions that are vital for memory formation, including the hippocampus, amygdala, and cerebral cortex.” While the full effect of long-term use is unknown, a 2016 UC-San Francisco study found that even past use of marijuana made people less likely to remember words in adulthood.
After examining 62,454 brain scans, researchers found that cannabis abuse accelerated brain aging by 2.8 years, a contributing factor to developing Alzheimer’s Disease, according to a study published in the peer-reviewed Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. “Prior papers have suggested that marijuana can damage the brain. What surprised [us] was how low blood flow was in the brains of our cohort — virtually every brain area had reduced blood flow on perfusion imaging in relation to marijuana use,” said Dr. Cyrus Raji, who co-authored the study.
Marijuana use causes specific serious physical diseases
Lung diseases like asthma and bronchitis: “Marijuana smoking is associated with large airway inflammation, increased airway resistance,” according to a synthesis of scholarly research produced by the U.S. government’s National Institute on Drug Abuse, “and those who smoke marijuana regularly report more symptoms of chronic bronchitis than those who do not smoke.” NIDA also cited studies showing that marijuana may suppress the body’s immune system, increasing the chances of developing pneumonia and chronic bronchitis.
Testicular cancer: Several studies have found a positive correlation between marijuana use and the development of testicular cancer, especially among “heavy” users who had smoked pot at least 50 times in their lives. One review of scholarly literature cautions the existing evidence is “low-strength,” because so many marijuana users also smoke cigarettes – but they still find weed inhalation increases the likelihood of developing testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT).
Other cognitive functions decline with pot use
Possibly lowers intelligence: Some evidence indicates that marijuana use decreases the intelligence of people who take it. The most consequential study comes from New Zealand (the Dunedin study), where researchers followed marijuana users from age 18 to 38 and found that people who began using marijuana in adolescence lost between six and eight points from their IQ — and quitting does not reverse the intelligence lost. Future studies disputed this somewhat, as researchers discovered cannabis users “already had significantly lower IQ scores. Put another way, cannabis did not drag down their IQ; it was already low.” To put that colloquially, researchers are now pursuing the chicken-and-egg question of whether adolescent marijuana use makes people stupid or if stupid people choose to use marijuana.
Inability to feel joy: Researchers warn about higher THC levels causing cannabis-induced “anhedonia” – a medical term which means the “inability to feel pleasure” in Greek. “Over years, the regular use of cannabis has substantially increased among young adults, as indicated by the rise in cannabis use disorder (CUD), with an estimated prevalence of 8.3% in the United States,” said a March 2021 study in the peer-reviewed journal Frontiers in Psychology. “Research shows that exposure to cannabis is associated with hypodopaminergic anhedonia (depression), cognitive decline, poor memory, inattention, impaired learning performance, reduced dopamine brain response-associated emotionality, and increased addiction severity in young adults.”
On the other hand, researchers in Canada found a marked increase in “emergency department consultations for cannabis-related mood disorders, as well as suicide and intentional self-harm” after the nation legalized recreational marijuana in October 2018. This may stem from marijuana’s addictive components altering the person’s approach to the brain’s reward circuitry after a flood of dopamine.
False memories fuel misinformation
Creating false memories: Any media interested in combating misinformation would condemn the rising rate of marijuana use, since “[c]annabis seems to increase false-memory proneness,” according to a March 2020 study from The Netherlands.
Marijuana use harms non-users, too
Innocent bystanders: Although drug use is often presented as a personal decision, the harm caused by marijuana extends beyond the user alone. Aside from the toll of innocent victims when marijuana users drive under the influence, the American Lung Association warns, “Secondhand marijuana smoke contains many of the same toxins and carcinogens found in directly-inhaled marijuana smoke, in similar amounts if not more.” Their biggest concern is about “vulnerable children in the home.”
Contrary to MSNBC and CNN hand-wringers, the real disinformation comes from paid propagandists, scientists on the take, and billionaires who (for whatever reason) are promoting a drug that appears to inhibit Americans from exercising the cognitive functions necessary to be independent citizens. The effort to whitewash drug abuse is typical in a world that demands pleasure with no consequence. But that world doesn’t exist – a fact too many people find out too late.
The views expressed in this piece are the author’s own and do not necessarily represent those of The Daily Wire.
The Daily Wire is one of America’s fastest-growing conservative media companies and counter-cultural outlets for news, opinion, and entertainment. (Editor’s Note: Parents Opposed to Pot does not identify with conservative or liberal politics, because deliberate misinformation comes from both sides of the aisle. Its principals and followers include independents and people who belong to both political parties. )
Taken with permission from Going Green: The Physical, Mental, And Emotional Problems Associated With Marijuana – Parents Opposed to Pot (poppot.org)
